Add NinePatchTexture and NinePatchView

.gitignore

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 .DS_Store
+logs/
 
 # gradle
 

src/main/kotlin/net/shadowfacts/asmr/TestCacaoScreen.kt

@@ -1,16 +1,16 @@
 package net.shadowfacts.asmr
 
+import net.minecraft.util.Identifier
 import net.shadowfacts.kiwidsl.dsl
 import net.shadowfacts.cacao.CacaoScreen
-import net.shadowfacts.cacao.view.View
 import net.shadowfacts.cacao.Window
 import net.shadowfacts.cacao.geometry.Axis
-import net.shadowfacts.cacao.geometry.Point
 import net.shadowfacts.cacao.geometry.Size
 import net.shadowfacts.cacao.util.Color
-import net.shadowfacts.cacao.util.MouseButton
-import net.shadowfacts.cacao.util.RenderHelper
-import net.shadowfacts.cacao.view.StackView
+import net.shadowfacts.cacao.util.NinePatchTexture
+import net.shadowfacts.cacao.util.Texture
+import net.shadowfacts.cacao.view.*
+import net.shadowfacts.cacao.view.button.Button
 
 /**
  * @author shadowfacts
@@ -22,33 +22,24 @@ class TestCacaoScreen: CacaoScreen() {
 			val stack = addView(StackView(Axis.VERTICAL, StackView.Distribution.CENTER).apply {
 				backgroundColor = Color.WHITE
 			})
-			val red = stack.addArrangedSubview(View().apply {
+			val red = stack.addArrangedSubview(TextureView(Texture(Identifier("textures/block/birch_log_top.png"), 0, 0, 16, 16)).apply {
 				intrinsicContentSize = Size(50.0, 50.0)
-				backgroundColor = Color(0xff0000)
 			})
-			val green = stack.addArrangedSubview(View().apply {
+			val buttonNinePatch = NinePatchTexture(Texture(Identifier("textures/gui/widgets.png"), 0, 66), 3, 3, 194, 14)
+			val green = stack.addArrangedSubview(NinePatchView(buttonNinePatch).apply {
 				intrinsicContentSize = Size(75.0, 100.0)
-				backgroundColor = Color(0x00ff00)
 			})
 			val blue = stack.addArrangedSubview(View().apply {
 				intrinsicContentSize = Size(50.0, 50.0)
 				backgroundColor = Color(0x0000ff)
 			})
-			val purple = blue.addSubview(object: View() {
-				init {
-					intrinsicContentSize = Size(25.0, 25.0)
-					backgroundColor = Color(0x800080)
-				}
-
-				override fun mouseClicked(point: Point, mouseButton: MouseButton) {
-					println("hello world")
-				}
-
-				override fun drawContent(mouse: Point, delta: Float) {
-					if (mouse in bounds) {
-						RenderHelper.fill(bounds, Color.WHITE)
-					}
+			val purple = blue.addSubview(Button(Label("Hello, button!").apply {
+				textColor = Color.WHITE
+			}).apply {
+				handler = {
+					println("$it clicked!")
 				}
+				background = NinePatchView(buttonNinePatch)
 			})
 
 			solver.dsl {

src/main/kotlin/net/shadowfacts/cacao/CacaoScreen.kt

@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@ open class CacaoScreen: Screen(TextComponent("CacaoScreen")) {
 	}
 
 	override fun render(mouseX: Int, mouseY: Int, delta: Float) {
+		renderBackground()
+
 		val mouse = Point(mouseX, mouseY)
 		windows.forEach {
 			it.draw(mouse, delta)

src/main/kotlin/net/shadowfacts/cacao/geometry/Point.kt

@@ -9,4 +9,8 @@ data class Point(val x: Double, val y: Double) {
 
 	constructor(x: Int, y: Int): this(x.toDouble(), y.toDouble())
 
+	companion object {
+		val ORIGIN = Point(0.0, 0.0)
+	}
+
 }

src/main/kotlin/net/shadowfacts/cacao/util/NinePatchTexture.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+package net.shadowfacts.cacao.util
+
+/**
+ * @author shadowfacts
+ */
+data class NinePatchTexture(val texture: Texture, val cornerWidth: Int, val cornerHeight: Int, val centerWidth: Int, val centerHeight: Int) {
+
+	// Corners
+	val topLeft by lazy {
+		texture
+	}
+	val topRight by lazy {
+		Texture(texture.location, texture.u  + cornerWidth + centerWidth, texture.v, texture.width, texture.height)
+	}
+	val bottomLeft by lazy {
+		Texture(texture.location, texture.u, texture.v + cornerHeight + centerHeight, texture.width, texture.height)
+	}
+	val bottomRight by lazy {
+		Texture(texture.location, topRight.u, bottomLeft.v, texture.width, texture.height)
+	}
+
+	// Edges
+	val topMiddle by lazy {
+		Texture(texture.location, texture.u + cornerWidth, texture.v, texture.width, texture.height)
+	}
+	val bottomMiddle by lazy {
+		Texture(texture.location, topMiddle.u, bottomLeft.v, texture.width, texture.height)
+	}
+	val leftMiddle by lazy {
+		Texture(texture.location, texture.u, texture.v + cornerHeight, texture.width, texture.height)
+	}
+	val rightMiddle by lazy {
+		Texture(texture.location, topRight.u, leftMiddle.v, texture.width, texture.height)
+	}
+
+	// Center
+	val center by lazy {
+		Texture(texture.location, texture.u + cornerWidth, texture.v + cornerHeight, texture.width, texture.height)
+	}
+
+}

src/main/kotlin/net/shadowfacts/cacao/util/ObservableLateInitProperty.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+package net.shadowfacts.cacao.util
+
+import kotlin.reflect.KProperty
+
+/**
+ * @author shadowfacts
+ */
+class ObservableLateInitProperty<T: Any>(val observer: (T) -> Unit) {
+
+	lateinit var storage: T
+
+	operator fun getValue(thisRef: Any, property: KProperty<*>): T {
+		return storage
+	}
+
+	operator fun setValue(thisRef: Any, property: KProperty<*>, value: T) {
+		storage = value
+		observer(value)
+	}
+
+}

src/main/kotlin/net/shadowfacts/cacao/util/RenderHelper.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package net.shadowfacts.cacao.util
 
 import com.mojang.blaze3d.platform.GlStateManager
+import net.minecraft.client.MinecraftClient
 import net.minecraft.client.gui.DrawableHelper
 import net.shadowfacts.cacao.geometry.Rect
 
@@ -22,6 +23,24 @@ object RenderHelper {
 		DrawableHelper.fill(rect.left.toInt(), rect.top.toInt(), rect.right.toInt(), rect.bottom.toInt(), color.argb)
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * Binds and draws the given [texture] filling the [rect].
+	 */
+	fun draw(rect: Rect, texture: Texture) {
+		if (disabled) return
+		color(1f, 1f, 1f, 1f)
+		MinecraftClient.getInstance().textureManager.bindTexture(texture.location)
+		draw(rect.left, rect.top, texture.u, texture.v, rect.width, rect.height, texture.width, texture.height)
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Draws the bound texture with the given screen and texture position and size.
+	 */
+	fun draw(x: Double, y: Double, u: Int, v: Int, width: Double, height: Double, textureWidth: Int, textureHeight: Int) {
+		if (disabled) return
+		DrawableHelper.blit(x.toInt(), y.toInt(), u.toFloat(), v.toFloat(), width.toInt(), height.toInt(), textureWidth, textureHeight)
+	}
+
 	/**
 	 * @see org.lwjgl.opengl.GL11.glPushMatrix
 	 */
@@ -46,4 +65,9 @@ object RenderHelper {
 		GlStateManager.translated(x, y, z)
 	}
 
+	fun color(r: Float, g: Float, b: Float, alpha: Float) {
+		if (disabled) return
+		GlStateManager.color4f(r, g, b, alpha)
+	}
+
 }

src/main/kotlin/net/shadowfacts/cacao/util/Texture.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+package net.shadowfacts.cacao.util
+
+import net.minecraft.util.Identifier
+
+/**
+ * A helper class that represents a texture.
+ *
+ * @author shadowfacts
+ * @param location The identifier representing the resource-pack location of the texture image.
+ * @param u The X coordinate in pixels of where the texture starts within the image.
+ * @param v The Y coordinate in pixels of where the texture starts within the image.
+ * @param width The width in pixels of the entire image.
+ * @param height The height in pixels of the entire image.
+ */
+data class Texture(val location: Identifier, val u: Int, val v: Int, val width: Int = 256, val height: Int = 256)

src/main/kotlin/net/shadowfacts/cacao/view/NinePatchView.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+package net.shadowfacts.cacao.view
+
+import net.shadowfacts.cacao.geometry.Point
+import net.shadowfacts.cacao.geometry.Rect
+import net.shadowfacts.cacao.util.NinePatchTexture
+import net.shadowfacts.cacao.util.RenderHelper
+
+/**
+ * @author shadowfacts
+ */
+class NinePatchView(val ninePatch: NinePatchTexture): View() {
+
+	// Corners
+	private val topLeft: Rect by lazy {
+		Rect(0.0, 0.0, ninePatch.cornerWidth.toDouble(), ninePatch.cornerHeight.toDouble())
+	}
+	private val topRight by lazy {
+		Rect(bounds.width - ninePatch.cornerWidth, 0.0, ninePatch.cornerWidth.toDouble(), ninePatch.cornerHeight.toDouble())
+	}
+	private val bottomLeft by lazy {
+		Rect(0.0, bounds.height - ninePatch.cornerHeight, ninePatch.cornerWidth.toDouble(), ninePatch.cornerHeight.toDouble())
+	}
+	private val bottomRight by lazy {
+		Rect(bounds.width - ninePatch.cornerWidth, bounds.height - ninePatch.cornerHeight, ninePatch.cornerWidth.toDouble(), ninePatch.cornerHeight.toDouble())
+	}
+
+	// Edges
+	private val topMiddle by lazy {
+		Rect(ninePatch.cornerWidth.toDouble(), topLeft.top, bounds.width - 2 * ninePatch.cornerWidth, ninePatch.cornerHeight.toDouble())
+	}
+	private val bottomMiddle by lazy {
+		Rect(topMiddle.left, bottomLeft.top, topMiddle.width, topMiddle.height)
+	}
+	private val leftMiddle by lazy {
+		Rect(topLeft.left, ninePatch.cornerHeight.toDouble(), ninePatch.cornerWidth.toDouble(), bounds.height - 2 * ninePatch.cornerHeight)
+	}
+	private val rightMiddle by lazy {
+		Rect(topRight.left, leftMiddle.top, leftMiddle.width, leftMiddle.height)
+	}
+
+	// Center
+	private val center by lazy {
+		Rect(topLeft.right, topLeft.bottom, topMiddle.width, leftMiddle.height)
+	}
+
+	override fun drawContent(mouse: Point, delta: Float) {
+		drawCorners()
+		drawEdges()
+		drawCenter()
+	}
+
+	private fun drawCorners() {
+		RenderHelper.draw(topLeft, ninePatch.topLeft)
+		RenderHelper.draw(topRight, ninePatch.topRight)
+		RenderHelper.draw(bottomLeft, ninePatch.bottomLeft)
+		RenderHelper.draw(bottomRight, ninePatch.bottomRight)
+	}
+
+	private fun drawEdges() {
+		// Horizontal
+		for (i in 0 until (topMiddle.width.toInt() / ninePatch.centerWidth)) {
+			RenderHelper.draw(topMiddle.left + i * ninePatch.centerWidth, topMiddle.top, ninePatch.topMiddle.u, ninePatch.topMiddle.v, ninePatch.centerWidth.toDouble(), ninePatch.cornerHeight.toDouble(), ninePatch.texture.width, ninePatch.texture.height)
+			RenderHelper.draw(bottomMiddle.left + i * ninePatch.centerWidth, bottomMiddle.top, ninePatch.bottomMiddle.u, ninePatch.bottomMiddle.v, ninePatch.centerWidth.toDouble(), ninePatch.cornerHeight.toDouble(), ninePatch.texture.width, ninePatch.texture.height)
+		}
+		val remWidth = topMiddle.width.toInt() % ninePatch.centerWidth
+		if (remWidth > 0) {
+			RenderHelper.draw(topMiddle.right - remWidth, topMiddle.top, ninePatch.topMiddle.u, ninePatch.topMiddle.v, remWidth.toDouble(), ninePatch.cornerHeight.toDouble(), ninePatch.texture.width, ninePatch.texture.height)
+			RenderHelper.draw(bottomMiddle.right - remWidth, bottomMiddle.top, ninePatch.bottomMiddle.u, ninePatch.bottomMiddle.v, remWidth.toDouble(), ninePatch.cornerHeight.toDouble(), ninePatch.texture.width, ninePatch.texture.height)
+		}
+
+		// Vertical
+		for (i in 0 until (leftMiddle.height.toInt() / ninePatch.centerHeight)) {
+			RenderHelper.draw(leftMiddle.left, leftMiddle.top + i * ninePatch.centerHeight, ninePatch.leftMiddle.u, ninePatch.leftMiddle.v, ninePatch.cornerWidth.toDouble(), ninePatch.centerHeight.toDouble(), ninePatch.texture.width, ninePatch.texture.height)
+			RenderHelper.draw(rightMiddle.left, rightMiddle.top + i * ninePatch.centerHeight, ninePatch.rightMiddle.u, ninePatch.rightMiddle.v, ninePatch.cornerWidth.toDouble(), ninePatch.centerHeight.toDouble(), ninePatch.texture.width, ninePatch.texture.height)
+		}
+		val remHeight = leftMiddle.height.toInt() % ninePatch.centerHeight
+		if (remHeight > 0) {
+			RenderHelper.draw(leftMiddle.left, leftMiddle.bottom - remHeight, ninePatch.leftMiddle.u, ninePatch.leftMiddle.v, ninePatch.cornerWidth.toDouble(), remHeight.toDouble(), ninePatch.texture.width, ninePatch.texture.height)
+			RenderHelper.draw(rightMiddle.left, rightMiddle.bottom - remHeight, ninePatch.rightMiddle.u, ninePatch.rightMiddle.v, ninePatch.cornerWidth.toDouble(), remHeight.toDouble(), ninePatch.texture.width, ninePatch.texture.height)
+		}
+	}
+
+	private fun drawCenter() {
+		for (i in 0 until (center.height.toInt() / ninePatch.centerHeight)) {
+			drawCenterRow(center.top + i * ninePatch.centerHeight.toDouble(), ninePatch.centerHeight.toDouble())
+		}
+		val remHeight = center.height.toInt() % ninePatch.centerHeight
+		if (remHeight > 0) {
+			drawCenterRow(center.bottom - remHeight, remHeight.toDouble())
+		}
+	}
+
+	private fun drawCenterRow(y: Double, height: Double) {
+		for (i in 0 until (center.width.toInt() / ninePatch.centerWidth)) {
+			RenderHelper.draw(center.left + i * ninePatch.centerWidth, y, ninePatch.center.u, ninePatch.center.v, ninePatch.centerWidth.toDouble(), height, ninePatch.texture.width, ninePatch.texture.height)
+		}
+		val remWidth = center.width.toInt() % ninePatch.centerWidth
+		if (remWidth > 0) {
+			RenderHelper.draw(center.right - remWidth, y, ninePatch.center.u, ninePatch.center.v, remWidth.toDouble(), height, ninePatch.texture.width, ninePatch.texture.height)
+		}
+	}
+
+}

src/main/kotlin/net/shadowfacts/cacao/view/TextureView.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+package net.shadowfacts.cacao.view
+
+import net.shadowfacts.cacao.geometry.Point
+import net.shadowfacts.cacao.util.RenderHelper
+import net.shadowfacts.cacao.util.Texture
+
+/**
+ * A helper class for drawing a [Texture] in a view.
+ * `TextureView` will draw the given texture filling the bounds of the view.
+ *
+ * @author shadowfacts
+ */
+class TextureView(val texture: Texture): View() {
+
+	override fun drawContent(mouse: Point, delta: Float) {
+		RenderHelper.draw(bounds, texture)
+	}
+
+}

src/main/kotlin/net/shadowfacts/cacao/view/View.kt

@@ -1,13 +1,9 @@
 package net.shadowfacts.cacao.view
 
-import com.mojang.blaze3d.platform.GlStateManager
 import net.shadowfacts.kiwidsl.dsl
 import net.shadowfacts.cacao.LayoutVariable
 import net.shadowfacts.cacao.geometry.*
-import net.shadowfacts.cacao.util.Color
-import net.shadowfacts.cacao.util.LowestCommonAncestor
-import net.shadowfacts.cacao.util.MouseButton
-import net.shadowfacts.cacao.util.RenderHelper
+import net.shadowfacts.cacao.util.*
 import no.birkett.kiwi.Constraint
 import no.birkett.kiwi.Solver
 import java.util.*
@@ -18,7 +14,7 @@ import java.util.*
  *
  * @author shadowfacts
  */
-open class View {
+open class View() {
 
 	/**
 	 * The constraint solver used by the [net.shadowfacts.cacao.Window] this view belongs to.
@@ -60,13 +56,25 @@ open class View {
 	val centerYAnchor = LayoutVariable(this, "centerY")
 
 	/**
-	 * The rectangle for this view in the coordinate system of its superview view (or the window, if there is no superview).
-	 * Not initialized until [didLayout] called.
+	 * Whether this view uses constraint-based layout.
+	 * If `false`, the view's `frame` must be set manually and the layout anchors may not be used.
+	 * Note: some views (such as [StackView] require arranged subviews to use constraint based layout.
+	 *
+	 * Default is `true`.
 	 */
-	lateinit var frame: Rect
+	var usesConstraintBasedLayout = true
+
+	/**
+	 * The rectangle for this view in the coordinate system of its superview view (or the window, if there is no superview).
+	 * If using constraint based layout, this property is not initialized until [didLayout] called.
+	 * Otherwise, this must be set manually.
+	 * Setting this property updates the [bounds].
+	 */
+	var frame: Rect by ObservableLateInitProperty { this.bounds = Rect(Point.ORIGIN, it.size) }
 	/**
 	 * The rectangle for this view in its own coordinate system.
-	 * Not initialized until [didLayout] called.
+	 * If using constraint based layout, this property is not initialized until [didLayout] called.
+	 * Otherwise, this will be initialized when [frame] is set.
 	 */
 	lateinit var bounds: Rect
 
@@ -102,6 +110,11 @@ open class View {
 	 */
 	val subviews: List<View> = _subviews
 
+	constructor(frame: Rect): this() {
+		this.usesConstraintBasedLayout = false
+		this.frame = frame
+	}
+
 	/**
 	 * Helper method for retrieve the anchor for a specific position on the given axis.
 	 */
@@ -163,6 +176,8 @@ open class View {
 	 * If overridden, the super-class method must be called.
 	 */
 	open fun createInternalConstraints() {
+		if (!usesConstraintBasedLayout) return
+
 		solver.dsl {
 			rightAnchor equalTo (leftAnchor + widthAnchor)
 			bottomAnchor equalTo (topAnchor + heightAnchor)
@@ -172,7 +187,7 @@ open class View {
 	}
 
 	private fun updateIntrinsicContentSizeConstraints(old: Size?, new: Size?) {
-		if (!this::solver.isInitialized) return
+		if (!usesConstraintBasedLayout || !this::solver.isInitialized) return
 
 		if (old != null) {
 			solver.removeConstraint(intrinsicContentSizeWidthConstraint!!)
@@ -193,23 +208,26 @@ open class View {
 	open fun didLayout() {
 		subviews.forEach(View::didLayout)
 
-		val superviewLeft = superview?.leftAnchor?.value ?: 0.0
-		val superviewTop = superview?.topAnchor?.value ?: 0.0
-		frame = Rect(leftAnchor.value - superviewLeft, topAnchor.value - superviewTop, widthAnchor.value, heightAnchor.value)
-		bounds = Rect(0.0, 0.0, widthAnchor.value, heightAnchor.value)
+		if (usesConstraintBasedLayout) {
+			val superviewLeft = superview?.leftAnchor?.value ?: 0.0
+			val superviewTop = superview?.topAnchor?.value ?: 0.0
+			frame = Rect(leftAnchor.value - superviewLeft, topAnchor.value - superviewTop, widthAnchor.value, heightAnchor.value)
+			bounds = Rect(0.0, 0.0, widthAnchor.value, heightAnchor.value)
+		}
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * Called to draw this view.
 	 * This method should not be called directly, it is called by the parent view/window.
-	 * This method may not be overridden, use [drawContent] to draw any custom content.
+	 * This method generally should not be overridden, but it is left open for internal framework use.
+	 * Use [drawContent] to draw any custom content.
 	 *
 	 * @param mouse The position of the mouse in the coordinate system of this view.
 	 * @param delta The time since the last frame.
 	 */
-	fun draw(mouse: Point, delta: Float) {
+	open fun draw(mouse: Point, delta: Float) {
 		RenderHelper.pushMatrix()
-		RenderHelper.translate(frame.left, frame.top, 0.0)
+		RenderHelper.translate(frame.left, frame.top)
 
 		RenderHelper.fill(bounds, backgroundColor)
 

src/main/kotlin/net/shadowfacts/cacao/view/button/AbstractButton.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+package net.shadowfacts.cacao.view.button
+
+import net.shadowfacts.cacao.geometry.Point
+import net.shadowfacts.cacao.util.MouseButton
+import net.shadowfacts.cacao.util.RenderHelper
+import net.shadowfacts.cacao.view.View
+import net.shadowfacts.kiwidsl.dsl
+
+/**
+ * A abstract button class. Cannot be constructed directly, used for creating button implementations with their own logic.
+ * Use [Button] for a generic no-frills button.
+ *
+ * @author shadowfacts
+ * @param Impl The type of the concrete implementation of the button.
+ * 				Used to allow the [handler] to receive the exact button type that was constructed.
+ * @param content The [View] that provides the content of this button.
+ * 					Will be added as a subview of the button and laid out using constraints.
+ * @param padding The padding between the [content] and the edges of the button.
+ */
+abstract class AbstractButton<Impl: AbstractButton<Impl>>(val content: View, val padding: Double = 4.0): View() {
+
+	/**
+	 * The function that handles when this button is clicked.
+	 * The parameter is the type of the concrete button implementation that was used.
+	 */
+	var handler: ((Impl) -> Unit)? = null
+
+	/**
+	 * Whether the button is disabled.
+	 * Disabled buttons have a different background ([disabledBackground]) and do not receive click events.
+	 */
+	var disabled = false
+
+	/**
+	 * The normal background view to draw behind the button content. It will be added as a subview during [wasAdded],
+	 * so all background view properties must be specified prior to the button being added to a view hierarchy.
+	 *
+	 * The background will fill the entire button (going beneath the content [padding]).
+	 * There are also [hoveredBackground] and [disabledBackground] for those states.
+	 * If a [backgroundColor] is specified, it will be drawn behind the background View and thus not visible
+	 * unless the background view is not fully opaque.
+	 */
+	var background: View? = null
+	/**
+	 * The background to draw when the button is hovered over by the mouse.
+	 * If `null`, the normal [background] will be used.
+	 * @see background
+	 */
+	var hoveredBackground: View? = null
+	/**
+	 * The background to draw when the button is [disabled].
+	 * If `null`, the normal [background] will be used.
+	 * @see background
+	 */
+	var disabledBackground: View? = null
+
+	override fun wasAdded() {
+		solver.dsl {
+			addSubview(content)
+			content.leftAnchor equalTo (leftAnchor + padding)
+			content.rightAnchor equalTo (rightAnchor - padding)
+			content.topAnchor equalTo (topAnchor + padding)
+			content.bottomAnchor equalTo (bottomAnchor - padding)
+
+			listOfNotNull(background, hoveredBackground, disabledBackground).forEach {
+				addSubview(it)
+				it.leftAnchor equalTo leftAnchor
+				it.rightAnchor equalTo rightAnchor
+				it.topAnchor equalTo topAnchor
+				it.bottomAnchor equalTo bottomAnchor
+			}
+		}
+
+		super.wasAdded()
+	}
+
+	override fun draw(mouse: Point, delta: Float) {
+		RenderHelper.pushMatrix()
+		RenderHelper.translate(frame.left, frame.top)
+
+		RenderHelper.fill(bounds, backgroundColor)
+
+		var currentBackground: View? = background
+		if (mouse in bounds) {
+			currentBackground = hoveredBackground ?: currentBackground
+		}
+		if (disabled) {
+			currentBackground = disabledBackground ?: currentBackground
+		}
+		// don't need to convert mouse to background coordinate system
+		// the edges are all pinned, so the coordinate space is the same
+		currentBackground?.draw(mouse, delta)
+
+		val mouseInContent = convert(mouse, to = content)
+		content.draw(mouseInContent, delta)
+
+		// don't draw subviews, otherwise all background views + content will get drawn
+
+		RenderHelper.popMatrix()
+	}
+
+	override fun mouseClicked(point: Point, mouseButton: MouseButton) {
+		if (disabled) return
+
+		val handler = handler
+		if (handler != null) {
+			// We can perform an unchecked cast here because we are certain that Impl will be the concrete implementation
+			// of AbstractButton.
+			// For example, an implementing class may be defined as such: `class Button: AbstractButton<Button>`
+			@Suppress("UNCHECKED_CAST")
+			handler(this as Impl)
+		}
+	}
+
+}

src/main/kotlin/net/shadowfacts/cacao/view/button/Button.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+package net.shadowfacts.cacao.view.button
+
+import net.shadowfacts.cacao.view.View
+
+/**
+ * A simple button implementation that provides no additional logic.
+ *
+ * @author shadowfacts
+ * @param content The [View] that provides the content of this button.
+ * @param padding The padding between the [content] and the edges of the button.
+ */
+class Button(content: View, padding: Double = 4.0): AbstractButton<Button>(content, padding)

src/test/kotlin/net/shadowfacts/cacao/CoordinateConversionTests.kt

@@ -21,12 +21,8 @@ class CoordinateConversionTests {
 
 	@Test
 	fun testConvertToParent() {
-		val a = window.addView(View().apply {
-			frame = Rect(0.0, 0.0, 100.0, 100.0)
-		})
-		val b = a.addSubview(View().apply {
-			frame = Rect(25.0, 25.0, 50.0, 50.0)
-		})
+		val a = window.addView(View(Rect(0.0, 0.0, 100.0, 100.0)))
+		val b = a.addSubview(View(Rect(25.0, 25.0, 50.0, 50.0)))
 
 		assertEquals(Point(25.0, 25.0), b.convert(Point(0.0, 0.0), to = a))
 		assertEquals(Point(75.0, 75.0), b.convert(Point(50.0, 50.0), to = a))
@@ -35,15 +31,9 @@ class CoordinateConversionTests {
 
 	@Test
 	fun testConvertToSibling() {
-		val root = window.addView(View().apply {
-			frame = Rect(0.0, 0.0, 200.0, 200.0)
-		})
-		val a = root.addSubview(View().apply {
-			frame = Rect(25.0, 25.0, 50.0, 50.0)
-		})
-		val b = root.addSubview(View().apply {
-			frame = Rect(75.0, 75.0, 50.0, 50.0)
-		})
+		val root = window.addView(View(Rect(0.0, 0.0, 200.0, 200.0)))
+		val a = root.addSubview(View(Rect(25.0, 25.0, 50.0, 50.0)))
+		val b = root.addSubview(View(Rect(75.0, 75.0, 50.0, 50.0)))
 
 		assertEquals(Point(-50.0, -50.0), a.convert(Point(0.0, 0.0), to = b))
 		assertEquals(Point(100.0, 100.0), b.convert(Point(50.0, 50.0), to = a))
@@ -52,21 +42,11 @@ class CoordinateConversionTests {
 
 	@Test
 	fun testConvertBetweenSubtrees() {
-		val root = window.addView(View().apply {
-			frame = Rect(0.0, 0.0, 200.0, 100.0)
-		})
-		val a = root.addSubview(View().apply {
-			frame = Rect(0.0, 0.0, 100.0, 100.0)
-		})
-		val b = root.addSubview(View().apply {
-			frame = Rect(100.0, 0.0, 100.0, 100.0)
-		})
-		val c = a.addSubview(View().apply {
-			frame = Rect(0.0, 0.0, 50.0, 50.0)
-		})
-		val d = b.addSubview(View().apply {
-			frame = Rect(0.0, 0.0, 50.0, 50.0)
-		})
+		val root = window.addView(View(Rect(0.0, 0.0, 200.0, 100.0)))
+		val a = root.addSubview(View(Rect(0.0, 0.0, 100.0, 100.0)))
+		val b = root.addSubview(View(Rect(100.0, 0.0, 100.0, 100.0)))
+		val c = a.addSubview(View(Rect(0.0, 0.0, 50.0, 50.0)))
+		val d = b.addSubview(View(Rect(0.0, 0.0, 50.0, 50.0)))
 
 		assertEquals(Point(-100.0, 0.0), c.convert(Point(0.0, 0.0), to = b))
 		assertEquals(Point(-50.0, 50.0), c.convert(Point(50.0, 50.0), to = d))
@@ -75,12 +55,8 @@ class CoordinateConversionTests {
 
 	@Test
 	fun testConvertBetweenTopLevelViews() {
-		val a = window.addView(View().apply {
-			frame = Rect(0.0, 0.0, 100.0, 100.0)
-		})
-		val b = window.addView(View().apply {
-			frame = Rect(100.0, 100.0, 100.0, 100.0)
-		})
+		val a = window.addView(View(Rect(0.0, 0.0, 100.0, 100.0)))
+		val b = window.addView(View(Rect(100.0, 100.0, 100.0, 100.0)))
 
 		assertEquals(Point(0.0, 0.0), a.convert(Point(100.0, 100.0), to = b))
 		assertEquals(Point(200.0, 200.0), b.convert(Point(100.0, 100.0), to = a))
@@ -89,18 +65,10 @@ class CoordinateConversionTests {
 
 	@Test
 	fun testConvertBetweenTopLevelSubtrees() {
-		val a = window.addView(View().apply {
-			frame = Rect(0.0, 0.0, 100.0, 100.0)
-		})
-		val b = window.addView(View().apply {
-			frame = Rect(100.0, 100.0, 100.0, 100.0)
-		})
-		val c = a.addSubview(View().apply {
-			frame = Rect(25.0, 25.0, 50.0, 50.0)
-		})
-		val d = b.addSubview(View().apply {
-			frame = Rect(25.0, 25.0, 50.0, 50.0)
-		})
+		val a = window.addView(View(Rect(0.0, 0.0, 100.0, 100.0)))
+		val b = window.addView(View(Rect(100.0, 100.0, 100.0, 100.0)))
+		val c = a.addSubview(View(Rect(25.0, 25.0, 50.0, 50.0)))
+		val d = b.addSubview(View(Rect(25.0, 25.0, 50.0, 50.0)))
 
 		assertEquals(Point(-50.0, -50.0), c.convert(Point(50.0, 50.0), to = d))
 		assertEquals(Point(100.0, 100.0), d.convert(Point(0.0, 0.0), to = c))

src/test/kotlin/net/shadowfacts/cacao/view/ButtonClickTests.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+package net.shadowfacts.cacao.view
+
+import net.shadowfacts.cacao.Window
+import net.shadowfacts.cacao.geometry.Point
+import net.shadowfacts.cacao.geometry.Rect
+import net.shadowfacts.cacao.geometry.Size
+import net.shadowfacts.cacao.util.MouseButton
+import net.shadowfacts.cacao.view.button.Button
+import net.shadowfacts.kiwidsl.dsl
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture
+
+/**
+ * @author shadowfacts
+ */
+class ButtonClickTests {
+
+	lateinit var window: Window
+
+	@BeforeEach
+	fun setup() {
+		window = Window()
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	fun testClickInsideButton() {
+		val clicked = CompletableFuture<Boolean>()
+		val content = View().apply {
+			intrinsicContentSize = Size(25.0, 25.0)
+		}
+		val button = window.addView(Button(content).apply {
+			handler = {
+				clicked.complete(true)
+			}
+		})
+		window.solver.dsl {
+			button.leftAnchor equalTo 0
+			button.topAnchor equalTo 0
+		}
+		window.layout()
+		window.mouseClicked(Point(5.0, 5.0), MouseButton.LEFT)
+
+		assertTrue(clicked.getNow(false))
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	fun testClickOutsideButton() {
+		val clicked = CompletableFuture<Boolean>()
+		val content = View().apply {
+			intrinsicContentSize = Size(25.0, 25.0)
+		}
+		val button = window.addView(Button(content).apply {
+			handler = {
+				clicked.complete(true)
+			}
+		})
+		window.solver.dsl {
+			button.leftAnchor equalTo 0
+			button.topAnchor equalTo 0
+		}
+		window.layout()
+		window.mouseClicked(Point(50.0, 50.0), MouseButton.LEFT)
+
+		assertFalse(clicked.getNow(false))
+	}
+
+}

src/test/kotlin/net/shadowfacts/cacao/view/ViewClickTests.kt

@@ -24,11 +24,7 @@ class ViewClickTests {
 	@Test
 	fun testClickInsideRootView() {
 		val mouse = CompletableFuture<Point>()
-		window.addView(object: View() {
-			init {
-				frame = Rect(50.0, 50.0, 100.0, 100.0)
-			}
-
+		window.addView(object: View(Rect(50.0, 50.0, 100.0, 100.0)) {
 			override fun mouseClicked(point: Point, mouseButton: MouseButton) {
 				mouse.complete(point)
 			}
@@ -41,11 +37,7 @@ class ViewClickTests {
 	@Test
 	fun testClickOutsideRootView() {
 		val clicked = CompletableFuture<Boolean>()
-		window.addView(object: View() {
-			init {
-				frame = Rect(50.0, 50.0, 100.0, 100.0)
-			}
-
+		window.addView(object: View(Rect(50.0, 50.0, 100.0, 100.0)) {
 			override fun mouseClicked(point: Point, mouseButton: MouseButton) {
 				clicked.complete(true)
 			}
@@ -58,14 +50,8 @@ class ViewClickTests {
 	@Test
 	fun testClickInsideNestedView() {
 		val mouse = CompletableFuture<Point>()
-		val root = window.addView(View().apply {
-			frame = Rect(50.0, 50.0, 100.0, 100.0)
-		})
-		root.addSubview(object: View() {
-			init {
-				frame = Rect(25.0, 25.0, 50.0, 50.0)
-			}
-
+		val root = window.addView(View(Rect(50.0, 50.0, 100.0, 100.0)))
+		root.addSubview(object: View(Rect(25.0, 25.0, 50.0, 50.0)) {
 			override fun mouseClicked(point: Point, mouseButton: MouseButton) {
 				mouse.complete(point)
 			}
@@ -78,14 +64,8 @@ class ViewClickTests {
 	@Test
 	fun testClickOutsideNestedView() {
 		val clicked = CompletableFuture<Boolean>()
-		val root = window.addView(View().apply {
-			frame = Rect(50.0, 50.0, 100.0, 100.0)
-		})
-		root.addSubview(object: View() {
-			init {
-				frame = Rect(25.0, 25.0, 50.0, 50.0)
-			}
-
+		val root = window.addView(View(Rect(50.0, 50.0, 100.0, 100.0)))
+		root.addSubview(object: View(Rect(25.0, 25.0, 50.0, 50.0)) {
 			override fun mouseClicked(point: Point, mouseButton: MouseButton) {
 				clicked.complete(true)
 			}

src/test/kotlin/net/shadowfacts/cacao/view/ViewHoverTests.kt

@@ -32,12 +32,7 @@ class ViewHoverTests {
 	@Test
 	fun testHoverRootView() {
 		val point = CompletableFuture<Point>()
-		window.addView(object: View() {
-			init {
-				frame = Rect(50.0, 50.0, 100.0, 100.0)
-				bounds = Rect(0.0, 0.0, 100.0, 100.0)
-			}
-
+		window.addView(object: View(Rect(50.0, 50.0, 100.0, 100.0)) {
 			override fun drawContent(mouse: Point, delta: Float) {
 				point.complete(mouse)
 			}
@@ -50,16 +45,8 @@ class ViewHoverTests {
 	@Test
 	fun testHoverNestedView() {
 		val point = CompletableFuture<Point>()
-		val root = window.addView(View().apply {
-			frame = Rect(50.0, 50.0, 100.0, 100.0)
-			bounds = Rect(0.0, 0.0, 100.0, 100.0)
-		})
-		root.addSubview(object: View() {
-			init {
-				frame = Rect(25.0, 25.0, 50.0, 50.0)
-				bounds = Rect(0.0, 0.0, 50.0, 50.0)
-			}
-
+		val root = window.addView(View(Rect(50.0, 50.0, 100.0, 100.0)))
+		root.addSubview(object: View(Rect(25.0, 25.0, 50.0, 50.0)) {
 			override fun drawContent(mouse: Point, delta: Float) {
 				point.complete(mouse)
 			}