const SPECIAL_CHARACTERS = [ "'", '"', '<', '>', '{', '}', '\\[', '\\]', '(', ')', '`', '$', '|', '&', ';', '\\', '\\s', '#', ]; module.exports = grammar({ name: 'bash', inline: $ => [ $._statement, $._terminator, $._expression, $._primary_expression, $._simple_variable_name, $._special_variable_name, ], externals: $ => [ $._simple_heredoc, $._heredoc_beginning, $._heredoc_middle, $._heredoc_end, $.file_descriptor, $._empty_value, $._concat, $.variable_name, // Variable name followed by an operator like '=' or '+=' '}', ']', '\n', ], extras: $ => [ $.comment, token(choice(/\s/, '\\\n')), ], rules: { program: $ => repeat($._terminated_statement), _terminated_statement: $ => seq( $._statement, $._terminator ), // Statements _statement: $ => choice( $.variable_assignment, $.command, $.declaration_command, $.bracket_command, $.for_statement, $.while_statement, $.if_statement, $.case_statement, $.pipeline, $.list, $.subshell, $.function_definition ), for_statement: $ => seq( 'for', $._simple_variable_name, 'in', repeat1($._expression), $._terminator, $.do_group ), while_statement: $ => seq( 'while', $._terminated_statement, $.do_group, repeat(choice( $.file_redirect, $.heredoc_redirect, $.herestring_redirect )) ), do_group: $ => seq( 'do', repeat($._terminated_statement), 'done' ), if_statement: $ => seq( 'if', $._terminated_statement, 'then', repeat($._terminated_statement), repeat($.elif_clause), optional($.else_clause), 'fi' ), elif_clause: $ => seq( 'elif', $._terminated_statement, 'then', repeat($._terminated_statement) ), else_clause: $ => seq( 'else', repeat($._terminated_statement) ), case_statement: $ => seq( 'case', $._expression, optional($._terminator), 'in', $._terminator, optional(seq( repeat($.case_item), alias($.last_case_item, $.case_item), )), 'esac' ), case_item: $ => seq( $._expression, repeat(seq('|', $._expression)), ')', repeat($._terminated_statement), ';;' ), last_case_item: $ => seq( $._expression, repeat(seq('|', $._expression)), ')', repeat($._terminated_statement), optional(';;') ), function_definition: $ => seq( choice( seq('function', $.word, optional(seq('(', ')'))), seq($.word, '(', ')') ), $.compound_statement, optional($.file_redirect) ), compound_statement: $ => seq( '{', repeat($._terminated_statement), '}' ), subshell: $ => seq( '(', repeat($._terminated_statement), $._statement, optional($._terminator), ')' ), pipeline: $ => prec.left(1, seq( $._statement, choice('|', '|&'), $._statement )), list: $ => prec.left(-1, seq( $._statement, choice('&&', '||'), $._statement )), bracket_command: $ => { const contents = repeat1(choice( $._expression, seq('=~', choice( $.regex, $._expression )) )) return choice( seq('[', contents, ']'), seq('[[', contents, ']]') ) }, // Commands command: $ => prec.left(seq( repeat(choice( $.variable_assignment, $.file_redirect )), $.command_name, repeat($._expression), repeat(choice( $.file_redirect, $.heredoc_redirect, $.herestring_redirect )) )), command_name: $ => $._expression, variable_assignment: $ => seq( choice( $.variable_name, $.subscript ), $._assignment ), declaration_command: $ => prec.left(seq( choice('declare', 'typeset', 'export', 'readonly', 'local'), repeat(choice( $._expression, $._simple_variable_name, $.variable_assignment )) )), _assignment: $ => seq( choice( '=', '+=' ), choice( $._expression, $.array, $._empty_value ) ), subscript: $ => seq( $.variable_name, '[', $._expression, optional($._concat), ']', optional($._concat) ), file_redirect: $ => prec.left(seq( optional($.file_descriptor), choice('<', '>', '>>', '&>', '&>>', '<&', '>&'), $._expression )), heredoc_redirect: $ => seq( choice('<<', '<<-'), $.heredoc ), heredoc: $ => choice( $._simple_heredoc, seq( $._heredoc_beginning, repeat(choice( $.expansion, $.simple_expansion, $._heredoc_middle )), $._heredoc_end ) ), herestring_redirect: $ => seq( '<<<', $._expression ), // Expressions _expression: $ => choice( $.concatenation, $._primary_expression, alias(prec(-2, $._special_characters), $.word) ), _primary_expression: $ => choice( $.word, $.string, $.raw_string, $.expansion, $.simple_expansion, $.string_expansion, $.command_substitution, $.process_substitution ), concatenation: $ => prec(-1, seq( choice( $._primary_expression, $._special_characters, ), repeat1(prec(-1, seq( $._concat, choice( $._primary_expression, $._special_characters, ) ))), )), _special_characters: $ => token(prec(-1, repeat1(choice('{', '}', '[', ']')))), string: $ => seq( '"', repeat(seq( choice( seq(optional('$'), $._string_content), $.expansion, $.simple_expansion, $.command_substitution ), optional($._concat) )), '"' ), _string_content: $ => token(prec(-1, /([^"`$]|\\.)+/)), array: $ => seq( '(', repeat($._expression), ')' ), raw_string: $ => /'[^']*'/, simple_expansion: $ => seq( '$', choice( $._simple_variable_name, $._special_variable_name, alias('#', $.special_variable_name) ) ), string_expansion: $ => seq('$', $.string), expansion: $ => seq( '${', optional('#'), choice( seq( $.variable_name, '=', optional($._expression) ), seq( choice( $.subscript, $._simple_variable_name, $._special_variable_name ), repeat(choice( $._expression, ':', ':?', '=', ':-', '%', '/', '-', '#' )) ), ), '}' ), command_substitution: $ => choice( seq('$(', $._statement, ')'), prec(1, seq('`', $._statement, '`')) ), process_substitution: $ => seq( choice('<(', '>('), $._statement, ')' ), comment: $ => token(prec(-10, /#.*/)), _simple_variable_name: $ => alias(/\w+/, $.variable_name), _special_variable_name: $ => alias(choice('*', '@', '?', '-', '$', '0', '_'), $.special_variable_name), word: $ => token(repeat1(choice( noneOf(...SPECIAL_CHARACTERS), seq('\\', noneOf('\\s')) ))), regex: $ => /\S+/, _terminator: $ => choice(';', ';;', '\n', '&') } }); function noneOf(...characters) { const negatedString = characters.map(c => c == '\\' ? '\\\\' : c).join('') return new RegExp('[^' + negatedString + ']') }