373 lines
8.1 KiB
Plaintext
373 lines
8.1 KiB
Plaintext
=============================
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Literal words
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=============================
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echo a
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echo a b
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---
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(program
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(command (command_name (word)) (word))
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(command (command_name (word)) (word) (word)))
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=============================
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Words with special characters
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=============================
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echo {o[k]}
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echo }}}
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echo ]]] ===
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---
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(program
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(command (command_name (word)) (concatenation (word) (word)))
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(command (command_name (word)) (concatenation))
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(command (command_name (word)) (concatenation) (word)))
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=============================
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Simple variable expansions
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=============================
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echo $abc
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---
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(program
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(command (command_name (word)) (simple_expansion (variable_name))))
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=============================
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Special variable expansions
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=============================
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echo $# $* $@ $!
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---
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(program
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(command
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(command_name (word))
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(simple_expansion (special_variable_name))
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(simple_expansion (special_variable_name))
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(simple_expansion (special_variable_name))
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(simple_expansion (special_variable_name))))
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=============================
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Variable expansions
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=============================
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echo ${}
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echo ${#}
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echo ${var1#*#}
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echo ${!abc}
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echo ${abc}
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echo ${abc:-def}
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echo ${abc:- }
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echo ${abc:
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}
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---
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(program
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(command (command_name (word)) (expansion))
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(command (command_name (word)) (expansion))
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(command (command_name (word)) (expansion (variable_name) (word)))
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(command (command_name (word)) (expansion (variable_name)))
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(command (command_name (word)) (expansion (variable_name)))
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(command (command_name (word)) (expansion (variable_name) (word)))
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(command (command_name (word)) (expansion (variable_name)))
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(command (command_name (word)) (expansion (variable_name))))
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===================================
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Variable expansions with operators
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===================================
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A="${B[0]# }"
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C="${D/#* -E /}"
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F="${G%% *}"
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---
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(program
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(variable_assignment
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(variable_name)
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(string (expansion (subscript (variable_name) (word)))))
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(variable_assignment
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(variable_name)
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(string (expansion (variable_name) (regex))))
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(variable_assignment
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(variable_name)
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(string (expansion (variable_name) (word) (word)))))
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===================================
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Variable expansions in strings
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===================================
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A="${A:-$B/c}"
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A="${b=$c/$d}"
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---
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(program
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(variable_assignment
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(variable_name)
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(string
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(expansion
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(variable_name)
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(concatenation (simple_expansion (variable_name)) (word)))))
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(variable_assignment
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(variable_name)
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(string
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(expansion
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(variable_name)
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(concatenation
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(simple_expansion (variable_name))
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(word)
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(simple_expansion (variable_name)))))))
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===================================
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Variable expansions with regexes
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===================================
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A=${B//:;;/$'\n'}
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# escaped space
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C=${D/;\ *;|}
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---
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(program
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(variable_assignment (variable_name) (expansion (variable_name) (regex)))
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(comment)
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(variable_assignment (variable_name) (expansion (variable_name) (regex))))
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===================================
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Other variable expansion operators
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===================================
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cat ${BAR} ${ABC=def} ${GHI:?jkl}
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[ "$a" != "${a#[Bc]}" ]
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---
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(program
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(command
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(command_name (word))
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(expansion (variable_name))
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(expansion (variable_name) (word))
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(expansion (variable_name) (word)))
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(test_command
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(binary_expression
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(string (simple_expansion (variable_name)))
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(string (expansion (variable_name) (concatenation (word)))))))
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=============================
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Words ending with '$'
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=============================
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grep ^${var}$
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---
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(program (command
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(command_name (word))
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(concatenation (word) (expansion (variable_name)))))
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=============================
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Command substitutions
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=============================
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echo `echo hi`
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echo `echo hi; echo there`
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echo $(echo $(echo hi))
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echo $(< some-file)
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---
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(program
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(command
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(command_name (word))
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(command_substitution (command (command_name (word)) (word))))
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(command
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(command_name (word))
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(command_substitution (command (command_name (word)) (word)) (command (command_name (word)) (word))))
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(command
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(command_name (word))
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(command_substitution (command
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(command_name (word))
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(command_substitution (command
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(command_name (word))
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(word))))))
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(command
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(command_name (word))
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(command_substitution (file_redirect (word)))))
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=============================
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Process substitutions
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=============================
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wc -c <(echo abc && echo def)
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wc -c <(echo abc; echo def)
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echo abc > >(wc -c)
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---
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(program
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(command
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(command_name (word))
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(word)
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(process_substitution (list
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(command (command_name (word)) (word))
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(command (command_name (word)) (word)))))
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(command
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(command_name (word))
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(word)
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(process_substitution
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(command (command_name (word)) (word))
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(command (command_name (word)) (word))))
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(redirected_statement
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(command
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(command_name (word))
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(word))
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(file_redirect (process_substitution
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(command (command_name (word)) (word))))))
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=============================
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Single quoted strings
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=============================
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echo 'a b' 'c d'
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---
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(program
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(command (command_name (word)) (raw_string) (raw_string)))
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=============================
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Double quoted strings
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=============================
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echo "a" "b"
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echo "a ${b} c" "d $e"
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---
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(program
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(command (command_name (word))
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(string)
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(string))
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(command (command_name (word))
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(string (expansion (variable_name)))
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(string (simple_expansion (variable_name)))))
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=========================================
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Strings containing command substitutions
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=========================================
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find "`dirname $file`" -name "$base"'*'
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---
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(program
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(command
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(command_name (word))
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(string (command_substitution (command (command_name (word)) (simple_expansion (variable_name)))))
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(word)
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(concatenation
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(string (simple_expansion (variable_name)))
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(raw_string))))
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=========================================
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Strings containing escape sequence
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=========================================
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echo "\"The great escape\`\${var}"
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---
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(program (command (command_name (word)) (string)))
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======================================
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Strings containing special characters
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======================================
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echo "s/$/'/"
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echo "#"
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echo "s$"
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---
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(program
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(command (command_name (word)) (string))
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(command (command_name (word)) (string))
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(command (command_name (word)) (string)))
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========================================
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Strings with ANSI-C quoting
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========================================
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echo $'Here\'s johnny!\r\n'
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---
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(program (command (command_name (word)) (ansii_c_string)))
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=========================================
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Arrays and array expansions
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=========================================
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a=()
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b=(1 2 3)
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echo ${a[@]}
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echo ${#b[@]}
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a[$i]=50
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a+=(foo "bar" $(baz))
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---
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(program
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(variable_assignment (variable_name) (array))
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(variable_assignment (variable_name) (array (word) (word) (word)))
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(command (command_name (word)) (expansion (subscript (variable_name) (word))))
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(command (command_name (word)) (expansion (subscript (variable_name) (word))))
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(variable_assignment
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(subscript (variable_name) (simple_expansion (variable_name)))
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(word))
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(variable_assignment
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(variable_name)
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(array
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(word)
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(string)
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(command_substitution (command (command_name (word)))))))
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==============================
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Escaped characters in strings
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==============================
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echo -ne "\033k$1\033\\" > /dev/stderr
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---
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(program
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(redirected_statement
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(command (command_name (word)) (word) (string (simple_expansion (variable_name))))
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(file_redirect (word))))
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================================================================================
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Words containing bare '#'
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================================================================================
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curl -# localhost #comment without space
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nix build nixpkgs#hello -v # comment with space
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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(program
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(command (command_name (word)) (word) (word))
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(comment)
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(command (command_name (word)) (word) (word) (word))
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(comment))
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